The Macrocephali (Ancient Greek: Μακροκέφαλοι; "long-headed people") were ancient tribes of Africans or Indians who performed artificial cranial deformation.
[1][2] Some ancient authors mention such tribes also at Caucasus and in the north-east of Pontus (region).
[3] Their cultural practice of artificially shaping the skulls of their children was mentioned by Hesiod, Hippocrates,[4] Pomponius Mela, Pliny the Elder, Valerius Flaccus, Xenophon, Strabo, and Eustathius.