[1] More than 90% of the district's graduates move on to a four-year college, with half of those attending highly competitive schools.

[19] The football team competes in the American Blue division of the North Jersey Super Football Conference, which includes 112 schools competing in 20 divisions, making it the nation's biggest football-only high school sports league.

[22] Madison High School offers dozens of clubs and 23 interscholastic sports, most notably including its field hockey and boys' lacrosse teams.

[2] Madison has a Sportexe "PowerBlade" artificial turf field that was completed in September 2006, and publicly unveiled the following day in a varsity football game against their division rival Delbarton School.

[28] In 2010, the Madison football team won the North II Group II state sectional title with a 28–21 win against James Caldwell High School, ending the season with a 12–0 record and earning the program's sixth sectional title.

[37] The 1982 won the county and conference titles before being declared as Group II co-champion after a 1–1 tie in the finals with West Deptford.

[48] In 2012, the boys' winter track team coached by Dr. Mark Ladolcetta won the North II Group I sectional title.

[49] In 2015, the boys' ice hockey team won their first-ever Haas Cup and finished with a record 27 wins and 2 losses.

Previous productions include The Mikado (1961), Sweethearts (1962), Finian's Rainbow (1963), The Music Man (1964), My Fair Lady (1965), Carousel (1966), The King and I (1967), Camelot (1968), Bloomer Girl (1969), Oklahoma!

(1973), Kiss Me, Kate (1974), Brigadoon (1975), Finian's Rainbow (1976), Girl Crazy (1977), Guys and Dolls (1978), The Music Man (1979), My Fair Lady (1980), Call Me Madam (1981), No, No, Nanette (1982), The Pajama Game (1983), How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying (1984), Oklahoma!

(1993), The Boy Friend (1994), South Pacific (1995), Fiddler on the Roof (1996), Kiss Me, Kate (1997), The Music Man (1998), The Wizard of Oz (1999), Li'l Abner (2000), Carousel (2001), Once Upon a Mattress (2002), How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying (2003), Guys and Dolls (2004), The Sound of Music (2005), My Favorite Year (2006), The King and I (2007), Seussical (2008), and Into the Woods (2009).

(1989), Morning at Seven (1990), Brighton Beach Memoirs (1991), Night of January 16th (1992), The Odd Couple-Male and Female Version (1993), The Diary of Anne Frank (1994), A Murder is Announced (1995), The Miracle Worker (1996), The Enchanted April (1997), Exit the Body (1998), The Importance of Being Earnest (1999), I Remember Mama (2000), Our Town (2001), The Mousetrap (2002), The Odd Couple-Male and Female Version (2003), Twelve Angry Men (2004), Murder at the Vicarage (2005), Father of the Bride (2006), Play On!

(2007), The Crucible (2008), You Can't Take It With You (2009), The Importance of Being Earnest (2010), The Odd Couple (2011), The Real Inspector Hound (2012), Midsummer Jersey (2013), Almost, Maine (2014), Fools (2015), Fairy Tale Courtroom (2016), Arsenic and Old Lace (2017), Clue: On Stage (2018) Last Day of School (2019), It's a Wonderful Life (2020), Murder on the Orient Express (2021), The Curious Savage (2022), Birthday Candles (2023) and Steel Magnolias (play) (2024) The productions were under the direction of Julie Harding, an English teacher at the school until 2012.

Megan Niper is currently the director of these productions, with assistance from Doug Oswin, also an English teacher at the school.

In 2009, Madison High School revived its marching band, which hadn't performed since its departure almost 25 years earlier.

In their 2012 season, the Marching Dodgers competed as a part of the chapter 2 open class, in Tournament of Bands.

In their 2016 season, their field show, called "Cityscape", won 9th place in the Group 3 Open Atlantic Coast Championships.