Magnate

The emergence of Parliament led to the establishment of a parliamentary peerage that received personal summons, rarely more than sixty families.

In the Middle Ages, a bishop sometimes held territory as a magnate, collecting the revenue of the manors and the associated knights' fees.

Henry would make parliament attaint undesirable nobles and magnates, thereby stripping them of their wealth, protection from torture, and power.

Magnates were a social class of wealthy and influential nobility in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and later the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

In Sweden, the wealthiest medieval lords were known as storman (plural stormän), "great men", a similar description and meaning as the English term magnate.