The head office of the organization is situated in Dadar, Mumbai and administrative office in Colaba Causeway, Mumbai The state of Maharashtra was formed on 1 May 1960, and since then its politics have been evolving.

The INC was long without a major challenger, and enjoyed overwhelming support from the state's sugar co-operatives and thousands of other cooperative organizations involved in the rural agricultural economy of the state such as marketing of dairy and vegetable produce, credit unions etc.

Since 1930s when Keshrao Jedhe joined the Congress party, the politics of the Bombay state and its successor Maharashtra state has been dominated by the mainly rural Maratha-Kunbi caste.

[1] This group dominates the cooperative institutions and with the resultant economic power, control politics from the village level up to the Assembly and Lok Sabha seats.

[2] Major past political figures of Congress party from Maharashtra such as Keshavrao Jedhe, Yashwantrao Chavan, Vinayakrao Patil, Vasantdada Patil, Shankarrao Chavan Keshavrao Sonawane and Vilasrao Deshmukh have been from this group.

Sharad Pawar, who had been a towering figure in Maharashtrian and national politics belongs to this group.

The state's political status quo was upset when Sharad Pawar defected from the INC, which he perceived as the vehicle of the Gandhi dynasty, to form the Nationalist Congress Party.

This offshoot of the Congress party split the Maratha community support.

In the last thirty years, however, Shiv Sena and the BJP began gaining a foothold in the state of Maharashtra, especially in the urban areas such as Mumbai.

The INC contested the 2014 state assembly election without getting in a formal alliance with the NCP and lost power to the BJP.