Maitum anthropomorphic pottery

The jars are anthropomorphic; characterized by a design that suggests human figures with complete or partial facial features of the first inhabitants of Mindanao.

According to Eusebio Dizon, head of the archaeological team, this type of burial jars are "remarkably unique and intriguing" because they have not been found elsewhere in Southeast Asia.

Thus, many archaeologists from Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Laos, Cambodia, Burma and Indonesia gained interest on this initial find and a number of archaeological – either government or privately sponsored – excavations have been conducted to recover these artifacts.

These jars have characteristics that belong to the Developed Metal Age Period in the Philippines [calibrated date of 190 BC to 500 AD].

Experts used soot samples taken from the walls of a small earthenware vessel found inside one of the larger burial jars.

The site is on the coastal area of Pinol, Maitum (formerly a part of South Cotobato Province), Sarangani.

Unfortunately, the conflict between the Armed Forces of the Philippines and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) during the 70's resulted in irreversible casualties in this historical site.

[3] Altogether, a total of 29 burial jars and approximately 33 baskets or about 4 cubic meters of archaeological material have been collected.

And because of its significance the Pinol Cave was declared by the National Museum of the Philippines as an “Important Cultural Property” on May 5, 2009.

[3] The heads of the anthropomorphic covers portray different facial expressions and emotions, ranging from happiness and contentment to sadness and grief.

These feature were either applied or molded, and may be classified into male or female breasts with other qualities that may give hints on the age of the dead.

Diorama of the positions of the burial jars in Ayub Cave
Detail on a jar cover molded into a human head
A burial jar with a red-painted face