[3][a] After its formation in 1963, Malaysia,[5] as the successor to the BNBC, paid the heirs of the Sulu Sultanate an annual fee until the 2013 Lahad Datu standoff.
The Madrid High Court in June 2021 annulled Stampa's appointment due to failure to properly notify Malaysia about the case.
[11] Malaysia obtained a favourable ruling from the Court of Appeal of Paris on 6 July 2023, holding that the arbitrator had no jurisdiction over the dispute.
Malaysia had previously obtained a stay order to prevent the enforcement of the final award in the French court system.
[10] The Sulu heirs made failed attempts to enforce the award against Malaysian assets in France, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.
[12] On 6 November 2024, the Cour de Cassation of France dismissed an appeal by the Sulu heirs, finding in favour of Malaysia.