He was born at Dalinlongard in Argyllshire in 1832 the son of John Taylor the parish schoolmaster of Kilarrow.
He was educated at Bowmore parish school then went to a series of universities: Glasgow, St Andrews and in Germany attended courses at Heidelberg and Tubingen.
His congregation at this point included Queen Victoria's servant John Brown.
[3] In October 1877 Victoria presented him to the University of Edinburgh for the post of Professor of Church History, guaranteeing his acceptance.
They had several children: He was sketched, mid-sermon, by William Brassey Hole in 1884 and this is held at the Scottish National Portrait Gallery.