[3] Nshuti first served in the Cabinet of Rwanda from 2003 until 2005, as the Minister of Commerce, Industry, Investment Promotion, Tourism and Cooperatives.
He was transferred to the Ministry of Finance in 2005, to replace Donald Kaberuka,[4] who was appointed President of the African Development Bank.
[2] In 2006, he was appointed Minister of Public Service and Labor, serving there until 2008, when he was named as Senior Economic Advisor to the President of Rwanda.
For a period, between 2008 and 2013, Nshuti served as Chairman of Crystal Ventures Limited, the business arm of the Rwandan military.
[2] In May 2020, he took over the East African Community portfolio, replacing Olivier Nduhungirehe, who was fired from cabinet, on 10 April 2020, for "fronting his personal opinions before government policies..".