Manifesto of Manzanares

Drafted by Antonio Cánovas del Castillo and signed by General Leopoldo O'Donnell, it called for political reforms and a constituent Cortes to bring about an authentic "liberal regeneration".

On 7 July 1854 O'Donnell issued a short manifesto drafted by the young Antonio Cánovas del Castillo, future architect of Spain's Bourbon Restoration of 1874.

In its entirety it reads: Spaniards: The enthusiastic reception that the liberal Army has encountered in the towns; the efforts of the soldiers who make it up, so heroically shown on the fields of Vicálvaro; the applause with which the news of our patriotic uprising has everywhere been received, now assure the triumph of liberty and laws that we have sworn to defend.

Within the last few days, the greater part of the provinces have thrown off the yoke of the tyrants; the entire Army has come to place itself under our banners, which are those of loyalty; the nation will enjoy the benefits of a representative regime, for which until now so much useless blood has been shed and so many costly sacrifices made.

We wish to preserve the Throne, but without the camarilla that dishonors it; we wish the rigorous practice of the fundamental laws, above all those of elections and the press; we wish to reduce taxes, based on a strict economy; we wish seniority and merit to be respected in civil and military employment; we wish to lift from the populations the centralization that is devouring them, giving them the local independence necessary to conserve and augment their own interests; and as a guarantee of all that we wish and to place ourselves on a solid basis, the National Militia.