Manis was a trained orangutan that played Clyde, Clint Eastwood's sidekick in the 1978 box office hit Every Which Way but Loose.
In a documentary produced by People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), it was alleged that Manis was beaten on the set by his trainer to keep him docile.
[1] The source for this information was Visions of Caliban, a book by Dale Peterson and Jane Goodall, but PETA referred to the wrong animal.
The book cites witnesses who stated that Buddha was badly beaten by his head trainer, who clubbed him with an axe handle, and that an autopsy after his death suggested cerebral hemorrhage.
[2] Makeup effects artist William Munns, though not witness to the events, expressed doubt regarding Buddha's treatment.