María Dolores González Katarain (14 May 1954 – 10 September 1986), also known as Yoyes, was an iconic female leader of armed Basque separatist group ETA (Euskadi Ta Askatasuna), who became a symbol because of the tragic circumstances of her life.

Yoyes was the first woman to enter the senior ETA leadership, but she decided to leave the organization to start a new life.

Her former comrades regarded her as a traitor, and she was killed by ETA in 1986 in her hometown of Ordizia, during a local festival, in front of her three-year-old son.

Her paternal grandfather, who moved to Ordizia from León, a Castillian province, owned the grocery store in the town, where Yoyes would sometimes help out on breaks from school.

ETA was regarded by the Franco regime as a terrorist organization, but to many young people in the Basque Country, it seemed like a noble revolutionary movement prepared to fight to topple a dictator and achieve socialism.

A few months later, she fled into exile in the south of France, where she became a full ETA member and participated in armed terrorist actions.

The unrest continued after the death of General Franco in 1975 and throughout Spain's subsequent transition to democracy, during which the organization vastly increased the number of people it killed every year as a way to put pressure on Basque nationalist parties not to participate in the democratization process.

Based on the theory that they needed to elicit a more repressive response from the state to attain their goals, these leaders carried out a number of bloody attacks on civilian targets, whereas Yoyes argued there was a place for political negotiation with the Spanish government and Basque political parties and social movements.

According to Elixabete Garmendia, she returned to the Basque Country "incredibly well-educated" and was starting to enjoy her life outside political activism.

Late in 1985, Yoyes was shocked to find herself on the front page of Cambio 16, the main news magazine in Spain, under the headline "The Return of the ETA Woman".

She believes ETA thought it owned Yoyes because she was a woman and acted "like a spurned husband" when she chose to start a new life.

[15][16][17] The 1997 motion picture The Jackal makes critical use of a female Basque separatist to assist the scenario in its development and to reach its conclusion.