[1] From 1924 to 1950, Schlauch was a faculty member in the English Department at Washington Square College (the then Greenwich Village undergraduate division) of New York University.
[11] She was elected a corresponding member of the Polish Academy of Sciences in 1961 and in 1966 honored with a festschrift to which prominent scholars in medieval studies and linguistics from many countries contributed.
[15] Schlauch was a committed Marxist, although she denied ever having been in the Communist Party when investigated in 1941 by the Rapp-Coudert Committee as part of its examination of Communism in New York educational institutions.
[8][16][17] An obituary by a former student, Annette Rubinstein, described her as "the dynamic center of an informal Marxist study group" in New York, and she became chair of the Greenwich Village American Labor Party.
[23] She joined the Polish United Workers' Party shortly after her arrival, and letters she wrote late in her life express admiration for the general in power under martial law.
[24][25] Schlauch's sister Helen Infeld was a mathematician married to Leopold Infeld, a Polish-born physicist who had been a naturalized Canadian citizen but was made stateless by Canada along with his children following his campaigning for nuclear disarmament, and moving to Poland in 1949; it has been suggested that joining them influenced her decision to leave the U.S.,[14] but she appears to have been lonely and isolated in Poland at first; according to Rubinstein's obituary, she received no invitations from colleagues for five years, although she eventually became as popular as she had been at New York University.
Schlauch published prolifically (15 books, approximately 100 articles and 40 reviews)[11] and on a wide range of topics.
[31] The following year she published Medieval Literature, A Book of Translations, which Francis P. Magoun, Jr. found "well executed" with much "genuine artistry", although he objected on thematic and stylistic grounds to the choice of Icelandic items and wanted more informative introductions.