Maria Carolina Wolf, née Benda, (1742 – 2 August 1820) was a German pianist, singer and composer.
Maria Carolina Wolf's father was Franz Benda, first violinist and composer at the court of Frederick II, her aunt Anna Franziska Hattasch was a chamber singer and her uncle Georg Benda was conductor, both with appointments at the court of the Duke of Gotha.
Ernst Wilhelm Wolf remained as conductor under his reign, and Maria continued working as a singer.
The Duchess developed an interest in theater, introduced in 1776 by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
Maria Wolf worked in the plays as an actress and singer and with her husband composed songs with piano accompaniment.