Maria Dmitriyevna Dobrova (Russian: Мария Дмитриевна Доброва; 1907-1962) was a Soviet military intelligence officer, Captain of the Soviet Army, and GRU officer who worked illegally in the United States.

She worked as a translator for the Soviet military advisers during the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939.

In 1951 she was invited to work in the Main Intelligence Directorate of Soviet Army (GRU).

Her beauty salon in New York was visited by wives of American politicians and businessmen.

[2] For 26 years, Soviet authorities knew nothing about her fate, until after the arrest of Polyakov in Moscow in July 1986.