They joined the Fédération nationale des Syndicats d'institutrices et instituteurs publics, the national federation of teacher's unions.

[2] In 1915 Marie and François Mayoux joined the socialist Section Française de l'Internationale Ouvrière (SFIO).

[2] On 15 August 1915 a pacifist resolution was presented at the CGT's national congress at the initiative of Alphonse Merrheim and Albert Bourderon, signed by several militants of the federation of teacher's unions including Bouet, Fernand Loriot, Louis Lafosse, Marie Guillot, Marie Mayoux, Marthe Bigot and Hélène Brion.

Merrheim, Bourderon and Marie Mayoux of the teacher's federation were expected to represent France, but they were refused the passports they needed to travel.

[2] The Mayouxes left the SFIO in November 1919, and after the Tours Congress they joined the new French section of the Third International, the Communist Party.

[2] Just before the Marseille congress in November 1921 the Mayouxes and others submitted a statement that asserted that the unions should be free from party influence.

[8] François Mayoux said the reason was that they defended the autonomy of trade unions from the party and sympathized with the Russian workers' Opposition.