Marine outfall

The light intensity and salinity in natural sea water disinfects the wastewater to ocean outfall system significantly.

In Latin America and the Caribbean there were 134 outfalls with more than 500 m length in 2006 for wastewater disposal alone, according to a survey by the Pan American Center for Sanitary Engineering and Environmental Sciences (CEPIS) of PAHO.

According to the survey, the largest number of municipal wastewater outfalls in the region exist in Venezuela (39), Chile (39) and Brazil (22).

[2] The world's largest marine outfall stems from the Deer Island Waste Water Treatment Plant located in Boston, United States.

Grease or wax can interfere with dispersion, so that bacteria and viruses could be carried to remote locations where the concentration of bacterial predators would be low and the die-off rate much lower.

It was subsequently challenged by residents claiming that the wastewater caused damage to the marine environment and to fisheries.

Ocean outfall pipes in Cape May, New Jersey , United States - pipes exposed after the sand was removed by severe storm