In his debut season he played 27 league games and one Serbian Cup match, against Red Star Belgrade in front of a full Kraljevo City Stadium on 22 September 2010.

[5][6] At the beginning of his senior career, he was mostly used as a midfielder, but he also appeared as a right-back in some matches during the spring half-season, after Jovica Vasilić left the club.

[2] In the following season, the first team captain Aleksandar Božović dropped out of the starting eleven, with the more experienced Bojan Šejić replacing him on goal.

He made his Serbian SuperLiga debut for Napredak in home defeat against Čukarički on 9 August 2014, when he replaced Ibrahima Mame N'Diaye at the beginning of second half.

[24] After Napredak won the 2016 Serbian First League, he was also elected in the team of the season by Sportski žurnal, along with teammates Bojan Beljić and Ibrahima Mame N'Diaye.

[25] In summer 2016, before the start of new season, Gobeljić played several friendly matches and scored two goals, against Radnički Niš on 25 June,[26] and Radnik Surdulica on 16 July 2016.

[27] He scored his first goal in the 2016-17 season from Miloš Vulić's assist[28] against Red Star Belgrade on 22 July 2016 at Rajko Mitić Stadium.

[38] He made his debut for Red Star in the second leg of the first qualifying round of the 2017–18 Europa League, substituting Ricardinho against Floriana.

[42][43][44] On 20 July 2018, Gobeljić lead the team as a captain in 3–0 victory over Dinamo Vranje, in the first fixture of the 2018–19 Serbian SuperLiga campaign.

[45] On 16 July 2019, Gobeljić got a red card after making a bad tackle on Sūduva defender Vaidas Slavickas during the first qualifying round of the 2019–20 UEFA Champions League.

[47] On 25 May 2021, Gobeljić caused a controversy after Red Star's penalty shoot out win against Partizan Belgrade in the 2020–21 Serbian Cup final, lowering his shorts and making a cojones gesture towards Vladimir Stojković.

[48] Gobeljić was called by coach Slavoljub Muslin to the Serbia national team in September 2016[49] and he made his international debut in a friendly 3–0 loss to Qatar.

[56] Joining Red Star Belgrade, Gobeljić changed many places on the field at the beginning, including left-back and defensive midfielder positions.