[1] Replacing an older, smaller, church at the same location that dated to 1125 and that is known to have been called St. Georgii (after Saint George) in 1238,[1][2] Hanover grew around it and the market place situated immediately adjacent to its south that was established around the same time.

[3]: 3  Today the official name of the church is Market Church of Saints George and James (Marktkirche St. Georgii et Jacobi), and along with the nearby Old Town Hall is considered the southernmost example of the northern German brick gothic architectural style (norddeutsche Backsteingotik).

An organ was installed in the tower room (Turmraum) in 1893, which included parts of an instrument of the 17th century.

The first instrument in that location was built in 1953 and 1954 by the organ builders Emil Hammer Orgelbau [de] and Rudolf von Beckerath.

[6] The Bell of Christ and Peace (Christus- und Friedensglocke) is the biggest in Lower Saxony and is used on special occasions only.