Mary Ann Doane

The articles have appeared in academic journals such as Screen, Discourse, Camera Obscura, and the anthology Psychoanalysis and Cinema.

[4] Doane argues that Classical Hollywood cinema was produced, moderated, and controlled by the male spectator's views.

"[citation needed] This is debated among film theorists, but Doane argues that the femme fatale is not an empowered female character.

Women must "'masculinize' their spectatorship" to avoid masochism (from over-identification) or narcissism (from becoming their own object of desire), and because of this, Doane claims "womanliness is a mask which can be worn and removed".

[8] In 1990, Doane won the Guggenheim Fellowship for Humanities, U.S. and Canada for her work in film, video, and radio studies.