The mosque was built on wakaf land donated by Gujarati businessman Mohamed Salleh Eusoofjee Angullia in 1890.

The Serangoon Road area became an Indian settlement in the latter half of the century, housing many traders and labourers from India.

[1] Eusoof's son, Mohamed Salleh Eusoofjee Angullia, broke the sojourning tradition set by his predecessors and emigrated to Singapore with his wife Miriam Beebee in 1870.

[1] According to the Islamic doctrine of waqf (Malay: wakaf), or the charitable endowment of wealth for religious and community-building purposes,[5] it became a tradition for successful Indian Muslims in colonial Singapore to bequeath their assets towards wakafs, which contributed significantly to the local Indian Muslim culture and heritage.

Under a S$6.35 million plan by the Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS), which itself provided S$500,000 with the rest raised through donations, Angullia Mosque was demolished and rebuilt into a four-storey building which opened in 2020, expanding the prayer space to 2,500.

[7] Recognising the significance and contributions of this minor community, the current building, opened in 2020, sports features of Islamic architecture from Rander, Gujarat, paying homage to Mohamed Salleh Angullia's native town.