[2] A nomadic people, they generally lived in small mobile villages and were primarily hunter-gatherers, making them experts of the local herbs and vegetation in the arid region.

"[4] In the early 16th century, Spanish expeditions sought metals and mining opportunities in the Altiplano region.

Viceroy Luis de Velasco organized expeditions between 1551 and 1553 to end the war, using allies to settle for peace and create settlements.

King Philip II sought peace negotiations, leading to conferences attended by indigenous leaders.

In 1799, a parish was established in Matehuala, although conflicts between Spaniards and indigenous people resurfaced due to fees for newcomers.