Born in Tucuruí, Pará, Mateus Carvalho began his career with hometown side Independente de Tucuruí, being included straight into the first team for the 2020 Série D. In the following year, after playing in the 2021 Campeonato Paraense, he moved to a social project from footballer Victor Ferraz named VF4, and also represented Miramar's youth categories.
He made his first team debut on 10 August of that year, coming on as a late substitute for Jobson in a 2–1 Série B home win over CRB.
Definitely promoted to the main squad for the 2023 campaign,[2] Mateus Carvalho became a regular starter for Timbu.
On 14 April 2023, Mateus Carvalho was loaned to Série A side Vasco da Gama for one year, with a buyout clause.
[3] After the season ended on November of the same year, Mateus was bought permanently by Vasco for €370,000.