Mathematics of Operations Research is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal established in February 1976.

It focuses on areas of mathematics relevant to the field of operations research such as continuous optimization, discrete optimization, game theory, machine learning, simulation methodology, and stochastic models.

The journal is published by INFORMS (Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences).

Finally came Uri Rothblum (2009-2012), Jim Dai (2012-2018), and the current editor-in-chief Katya Scheinberg (2019–present).

The journal's three initial sections were game theory, stochastic systems, and mathematical programming.