Matthys or Matthijs Naiveu (16 April 1647 in Leiden – 4 June 1726 in Amsterdam[1]) was a Dutch Golden Age painter.

According to Houbraken he was trained in drawing by Abraham Toorenvliet (1620–1692), a glass painter and drawing instructor (and father of Jacob Toorenvliet), and he learned the art of painting from Gerrit Dou.

His works were genre pieces; merry company interiors with people drinking tea or playing cards, but also kraamkamertjes, or visits to newborn baby's.

[2] In 1671 he entered the Leiden Guild of St. Luke and he was highly productive as a painter of signed work; his earliest dated painting is from 1668, and his last from 1721.

His paintings from his earlier years such as the children blowing soap bubbles (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston) are strongly influenced by Gerrit Dou, with architectural elements framing the scene.