Maurice Hudson Thatcher (August 15, 1870 – January 6, 1973) was an American politician and attorney who was the 5th Military Governor of Panama Canal Zone from 1910 to 1913 and a U.S. Representative from Kentucky from 1923 to 1933.

Born in Chicago, Illinois, Thatcher's family moved to Butler County, Kentucky in 1874 and settled near Morgantown.

He was elected the circuit court clerk for Butler County in 1892 and served from January 1, 1893, until his resignation in 1896.

During his congressional tenure, he guided the passage of several Kentucky landmarks and parks: Mammoth Cave National Park, Lincoln's birthplace, and the Zachary Taylor National Cemetery.

In 1932, he gave up his seat in an unsuccessful attempt to defeat Alben W. Barkley for election to the United States Senate.