Mauro Ruscóni (18 November 1776 in Pavia - 27 March 1849 in Tremezzina[1][nb 1]) is an Italian physician and zoologist.

Coming from a respected merchant family, he finished his studies in his native town and in the 1790s, swept away by the political events of his time: he joined the army of the Cisalpine Republic fighting alongside the French in the war of the Second Coalition.

He was the author of research in animal embryology and comparative anatomy on the reproduction of newts and on the development of the frog: he was the first to observe and report exactly the segmentation of the egg as well as the formation of the morula and the blastopore.

He was also a member of the academies of Modena, Bologna, Turin, Paris and the Vienna Medical Society.

He was in constant scientific contact with the most important naturalists of his country of origin, but also with those of his time, such as Georges Cuvier or Lorenz Oken.