From its formal chartering on 22 July 1686 until 1779, the mayors of Albany, New York, were appointed by the royal governor of New York, per the provisions of the original city charter, issued by Governor Thomas Dongan.

From 1779 until 1839, mayors were chosen by the New York State's Council of Appointment, typically for a one-year term that began in September.

From 1840 on, Albany's mayors were directly elected by the city's residents.

Erastus Corning 2nd served for over 40 years, longer than any other mayor of any other major United States city.

Kathy Sheehan (Democrat) is the current mayor; she was first elected in 2013, began service on January 1, 2014, and is currently in her second term of office.