However, the term "medium" is used in media studies to refer to a large number of concepts, some of which do not correspond to everyday usage.
Means of communication in the narrower sense refer to technical devices that transmit information.
In 1861, the national economist Albert Schäffle defined a means of communication as an aid to the circulation of goods and financial services, which included, among other things, newspapers, telegraphy, mail, courier services, remittance advice, invoices, and bills of lading.
A distinction can be made between oral, written, screen-oriented transfer of information and document transport:[10] In this table means of communication are mentioned that are no longer used today.
Due to their wide dissemination, mass media are suitable for providing the majority of the population with the same information.