[20] The township, and all of Burlington County, is a part of the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden combined statistical area and the Delaware Valley.

[25] Before European colonization, the area now known as Medford Lakes was primarily inhabited by the Lenni-Lenape tribe, who utilized the region's abundant natural resources, including its water bodies and forests, for survival and shelter.

At that time, the region, characterized by fertile soil and vast forests, was sparsely populated and primarily used for farming and lumbering.

[27] During the American Revolutionary War, Charles Read's Aetna Furnace played a significant role, utilizing local bog iron to manufacture cannonballs for the Continental Army.

[28] Additionally, John Haines erected a saw and grist mill, contributing to the early industrial life of what would later become Medford Lakes.

Paired with sizeable stone fireplaces for the colder months, these cabins expanded the resort season, turning Medford Lakes into a sought-after retreat for Philadelphians and New Yorkers.

In 1931, St. Mary of the Lakes Catholic Church, a single-story log cabin structure, was built and later added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

[22] Since incorporation, the borough has worked to maintain the community's unique log cabin character, even as it has expanded and modernized.

Throughout the second half of the 20th century, Medford Lakes' population surged, transitioning from a summer resort to a year-round residential community.

On July 12, 2004, the borough suffered substantial damage due to flooding, caused by 7.26 inches of rainfall over 14 hours.

Spectators gather along the lake to view this aquatic spectacle, after which a winner, as well as a king, queen, and court, are announced.

[3][49][50][51] In February 2021, the borough council appointed Dennis P. O'Neill to fill the seat expiring in June 2022 that had been held by Robert D. Hanold Sr. until his death the previous month.

[52] In March 2015, the borough council selected Kathy Merkh to fill the vacant seat of Deputy Mayor Jeff Fitzpatrick, who had submitted his resignation from office the previous month.

[55][56][57] For the 119th United States Congress, New Jersey's 3rd congressional district is currently represented Herb Conaway (D, Delran Township).

[59] For the 2024-2025 session, the 8th legislative district of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the New Jersey Senate by Latham Tiver (R, Southampton Township) and in the General Assembly by Andrea Katz (D, Chesterfield Township) and Michael Torrissi (R, Hammonton).

[60] Burlington County is governed by a Board of County Commissioners composed of five members who are chosen at-large in partisan elections to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats coming up for election each year; at an annual reorganization meeting, the board selects a director and deputy director from among its members to serve a one-year term.

[83] Among the borough's 2010 Census population, 73.2% (vs. 61.7% in Burlington County) were registered to vote, including 99.2% of those ages 18 and over (vs. 80.3% countywide).

[103] Students from Medford Lakes, and from all of Burlington County, are eligible to attend the Burlington County Institute of Technology, a countywide public school district that serves the vocational and technical education needs of students at the high school and post-secondary level at its campuses in Medford and Westampton.

[108] People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Medford Lakes include: