Media filter

Each layer of media is designed to filter out specific types and sizes of particles, allowing for more efficient and effective removal of contaminants.

In multi-media filters, the layers in the media re-stratify due to density differences prior to resuming normal filtration.

Nut shell filters are commonly used as a tertiary oil removal step for treatment of produced water.

Sand filters are often used to remove fine solids following biological treatment and clarification of oil refinery wastewater.

Nalco Water Handbook, Fourth Edition (McGraw-Hill Education: New York, Chicago, San Francisco, Athens, London, Madrid, Mexico City, Milan, New Delhi, Singapore, Sydney, Toronto, 2018).

Peat-sand filter in United States. The filter treats stormwater runoff from a residential area. Stormwater from streets is first routed to a small detention basin (rear of photo, behind berm), which removes coarse sediment . After filtration an under-drain piping system discharges the filtered water to an adjacent stream.
Media filter system for urban runoff