"[1] This ideal mediated deliberation would:to mobilize and pool relevant issues and required information, and to specify interpretations; to process such contributions discursively by means of proper arguments for and against; and to generate rationally motivated yes and no attitudes [i.e., public opinions] that are expected to determine the outcome of procedurally correct decisions.
To achieve an effective mediated deliberation, it requires collective responsibility from the media producers, including newspapers, television broadcasters, and the internet.
Instead of discussing current events, Stewart argued that Crossfire "fails miserably" at providing its viewer audience with balanced information about politics.
[1] Benjamin Page analyzed the 1991 U.S. war against Iraq in the New York Times from November 9, 1990 to January 15, 1991 to examine whether or not the stories covered by the media were balanced and fair.
For example, the overwhelming majority of the Times 's readers supported a more peaceful stance but their views "were not presented in proportion to their adherents among the general public".
"[2] Television programs tend to take stands in a more muted and subtle way through verbal statements while printed sources present their ideologies in relation to the interests of their audience over time.
"The Public Journalism Network brings together a diverse group of print and electronic media organizations that share the same general goal of connecting with the public they serve and promoting not just media deliberation but also the kinds of conversations, discussions, and public meetings" [1] In brief, the Public Journalism Network Charter states:[4] "We believe journalism and democracy work best when news information and ideas flow freely; news fairly portrays a full range and variety of life and culture of all communities; when public deliberation is encouraged and amplified, and when news helps people function as political actors and not just political consumers...journalists should stand apart in making sound professional judgment and should not stand apart in learning about and understanding these communities...new techniques for storytelling and information-sharing to help individual communities to have their own voice as a whole set of communities...stories and images can help or hinder as people struggle to reach sound judgments about personal lives and well-being...to reach deeper into communities and serve people...listen to people...study dynamics of communities and the complexity of public life...journalism helps people see the world as a whole and helps them take responsibility for what they see."
Modeling after the National Issues Forums, Citizen Voices was a Philadelphian newspaper's "attempt to engage" across the diverse city during a 1999 mayoral race between a white Republican against a black Democrat.
"[5] Editorials on the campaign revolved around the issues that were picked by Citizens Voices and were even published on the commentary page in full-page layouts.
For example, the Washington Post 's articles revealing the Watergate scandal involving President Richard Nixon through the famous "Deep Throat" outside source.
[1] This reduction has been caused by many factors including: [1] Assuming the reports are valid, investigative journalism can improve mediated deliberation by serving as an objective, unbiased source.