These include Robert Bárány,[3] Julius Wagner-Jauregg[4] and Karl Landsteiner, the discoverer of the ABO blood type system and the Rhesus factor.

When the Vienna General Hospital opened in 1784, physicians acquired a new facility that gradually developed into the most important research center.

During the 19th century, the "Second Viennese Medical School" emerged with the contributions of physicians such as Karl Rokitansky, Josef Skoda, Ferdinand von Hebra and Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis.

Clemens von Pirquet defined the concepts of "allergy" and "serum sickness," Ernst Peter Pick conducted significant experiments on the chemical specificity of immunological reactions, and the Vienna School of Dentistry (founded by Bernhard Gotlieb) reached its zenith in the 1920s.

All four Nobel Prizes, which were granted to (former) Viennese physicians during the next decades Robert Bárány (1914), Julius Wagner-Jauregg (1927), Karl Landsteiner (1930), and Otto Loewi (1936), were the result of work undertaken at this time.

A British soldier who lost his arm during the Afghanistan war received a bionic reconstruction at the department of surgery of the Vienna General Hospital.

[17] The Medical University of Vienna is the reference center of Siemens for the seven Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner "MAGNETOM 7T".

Founded in 2003, the High Field MR Centre (HFMR) acts today as a core research facility for the Medical University of Vienna.

[18] The language of instruction is German, but students are expected to be able to be fluent in English, and a diploma thesis written in German or English is required Graduates have the right to move freely within the European Union and to start speciality training The Medical University of Vienna, through its history as the University of Vienna's Faculty of Medicine, has a long history of teaching and research.

The building includes a six-room collection of 1,192 wax anatomical and obstrectical models made in Florence by Clemente Susini under the supervision of Paolo Mascagni between 1784 and 1788.