The reference[1] suggests that the condition is associated with immediate preoccupation with the symptoms in question, leading the student to become unduly aware of various casual psychological and physiological dysfunctions; cases show little correlation with the severity of psychopathology, but rather with accidental factors related to learning and experience.
In episode eight of the Canadian TV show Total Drama, season two, Total Drama Action, called "One Flu Over the Cuckoos" features a challenge for the contestants where they are forced to read medical textbooks all night - combined with the lack of sleep many contestants had Medical Students' Disease, and in the end Leshawna is the one who calms the rest of the contestants down after figuring out that the diseases they all thought they had were fake, securing the win for her and her team.
[3] In Umberto Eco's 1980 novel, The Name of the Rose, Adso, the narrator comments: "I learned later that, reading books of medicine, you are always convinced you feel the pains of which they speak".
In an episode of Frasier, a caller describes himself as having multiple mental health disorders, then reveals he is a psychiatry student when asked by Dr. Crane.
Dr. Crane explains the Medical Student's Disease phenomenon and assures the caller he has nothing to worry about, but advises him to wait until after spring break to read about sexual disorders.