Menemerus bifurcus

The spider lives in groups in Acacia, Combretum, Jacaranda, Spathodea and Trichilia trees as well as in houses and other areas of human habitation.

The male has a short embolus with a longer lamella, which is recalled in the species name, and two distinctive tibial appendages, or apophyses, one with a characteristic triangular lobe.

The female has a heart-shaped depression in the epigyne and an unusual insemination duct morphology.

Menemerus bifurcus is a species of jumping spider that was first described by Wanda Wesołowska in 1999.

[1] It was one of over 500 species identified by the Polish arachnologist during her career, making her one of the most prolific in the field.

[6] Genetic analysis has shown that the genus is related to the genera Helvetia and Phintella.

[10] The vast majority of the species in Menemerines are members of the genus Menemerus, with additional examples from Kima and Leptorchestes.

[11] The species name derives from two Latin words, bis and furca, which describe the shape of the male's embolus.

In some examples, the abdomen is yellowish all over with a covering of brown hairs; in others, it is similar to the male except lighter.

[12] The copulatory openings lead to wide highly sclerotized insemination ducts that have an unusual morphology.

For example, the male has a distinctive triangular retrolateral lobe below an unusual dorsal apophysis which the others lack.

The male spiders found in Zimbabwe have a longer tibial apophysis than those from Zambia.

Instead, it lives in the tops of trees and descends to attack prey on long threads of silk.

Generally, the spiders are difficult to observe in the wild, being secretive and shy, and using camouflage well.

[24] Menemerus spiders are found throughout Africa and Asia, and have been identified as far as Latin America.

[27] The spider also lives in houses and areas of habitation, including the museum in Bulawayo.