Part of the Gurage Zone, Meskane is bordered on the south by the Silt'e Zone, on the west by Muhor Na Aklil, on the northwest by Kokir Gedebanoon the north by sodo wereda, on the northeast by Sodo and Oromia, and on the southeast by Mareko.
Near Butajira are the Tufta Swamps at 8°8′N 38°24′E / 8.133°N 38.400°E / 8.133; 38.400, located in the Western highlands near the headwaters of the Meki River.
With an estimated population of 1.9 million, the Gurages are settled in a specific geographic location currently known as the Gurage Zone, which is further divided into 13 lower administrative units comprising eleven woredas and two town administrations.
Compared to the Sebat Bet and Kestane Gurage ethnic groups, migration to other parts of Ethiopia is less common among the Mesqans.
The relative abundance of fertile land and suitable agricultural climate could be cited as discouraging factors for migration in past.