Metacheiromyidae ("next to Cheiromys") is an extinct paraphyletic family of myrmecophagous placental mammals within extinct order Palaeanodonta, that lived in North America and Europe from the late Paleocene to middle Eocene.

[2][3] The phylogenetic relationships of family Metacheiromyidae are shown in the following cladogram:[4][5][6][7][8] Pan-Carnivora Pholidota (sensu stricto) †Escavadodontidae †Melaniella †Amelotabes †Epoicotherium †Molaetherium †Xenocranium †Epoicotheriinae†Tetrapassalus †Dipassalus †Alocodontulum †Auroratherium †Pentapassalus †Tubulodon †Arcticanodon †Propalaeanodon schaffi †Mylanodon rosei †Brachianodon westorum †Palaeanodon nievelti †Palaeanodon sp.

(Le Quesnoy) †Palaeanodon ignavus †Palaeanodon parvulus †Metacheiromyinae †Metacheiromys dasypus †Metacheiromys marshi †Ernanodontidae