Michel-Joseph Gebauer (1763 or 3 May 1765 – December 1812) was a French oboist, violinist, viol player, bandmaster, and composer.
He became an oboist in the Royal Swiss Guard at the age of 14, as well as becoming expert at both the violin and viol.
In 1791 he became oboist in the Garde Nationale, and in 1794 professor at the Conservatoire de Paris, where he stayed until 1802.
He accompanied the army during a number of campaigns, during which he studied and incorporated elements from German military music.
He died while accompanying the Grande Armée on its disastrous invasion of Russia, during the retreat from Moscow.