Microlipophrys canevae is a species of combtooth blenny found in the northeast Atlantic Ocean near Portugal and in the Mediterranean Sea.

This species grows to a length of 7.5 centimetres (3.0 in) TL.

[2] A previously undescribed species of combtooth blenny was described from the Adriatic Sea by the French ichthyologist François Charrousset (fr) from two specimens and given the name Lipophrys heuvelmansi.

[3] However, in 2015 a comparison of these specimens with specimens of M. canevae showed that L. heuvelsmani was a junior synonym of this species.

[4] The specific name honours the friend of Vincuguerra's, Giorgio Caneva, whose work encouraged Vinciguerra to study blennies from the Gulf of Genoa and led to the description of this species.