Miguel Colmeiro y Penido (22 October 1816–21 June 1901) was a Spanish botanist, and member of the Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences (Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales).

[3] He was the rector of the Faculty of Sciences in the Complutense University of Madrid where he later became the Dean.

He had been the Director of the Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid, and professor of Phytography and Botanical Geography.

He was one of the founder of the Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural.

[4][5][6] He received the Knight Grand Cross of the Civil Order of María Victoria.