Mihajlo Rostohar (July 30, 1878 – August 5, 1966) was a Slovenian psychologist, author and educator, who played an important role during the creation of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs.

He was born in a peasant family in Brege near Krško, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Duchy of Carniola and baptized Michael Rostohar.

After working for a year as a supplementary high school teacher in Villach, he decided to pursue an academic career, following the advice of the Austrian philosopher Friedrich Jodl.

After participating in the Italian campaign during World War I, he was involved in the formation of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs in 1918.

[4] He was close to progressive ideas, but unlike many other Slovene followers of Masaryk, he did not join the Social democratic party, but moved closer to national liberal positions.

During the First Balkan War, he publicly supported the idea of an autonomous Albania, with similar arguments as the Austria-Hungarian diplomacy.

[5] In Rostohar's defense, the writer Ivan Cankar produced his famous lecture Slovenes and Yugoslavs, delivered in Ljubljana in 1913.

On October 28, 1918, members of the Slovenian National council gathered in the hotel Union and agreed to organize a political rally on Congress Square for the next day.

Therefore, Rostohar organized Slovenian officers to prepare flyers printed in different languages to invite soldiers under command of Svetozar Borojević to go peacefully home, and not to start conflicts.

Despite all these activities he was not elected and he left Ljubljana, Slovenia for Brno at Masaryk University where he was teaching until 1939 and after Second World War till 1948.

Rostohar was the main organizer of the pedological congresses where members of the Psychological Institute could present their Gestalt-oriented studies.