Mikhail Brusnev was born 13 (25) January 1864, in Storozhevaia, a stanitsa (cossack village) in the Kuban'.
In 1889, he brought together students from St Petersburg University and several technological institutes to form one of Russia's first active Marxist groups.
In 1891, Brusnev was employed on the Moscow-Brest railway, which enabled to act as a link between Social Democrat groups in Tula, Nizhny Novgorod, Kharkov, and Kiev.
In 1907, Brusnev was elected to the State Duma representing the left bloc of Bolsheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries.
After 1922, Brusnev worked for the USSR People's Commissariat for Trade, in Latvia, Lithuania, and later France.