While born in Massachusetts, Miles grew up in Clifton Park, New York, and graduated from Shenendehowa High School in 1992.
Miles served four years as an assistant coach for Major League Soccer's Real Salt Lake.
Jason Kreis, the New York City FC head coach who knew Joseph from their times working together at Real Salt Lake, named Miles Joseph as the first assistant coach of New York City FC in 2014.
On November 2, 2015, New York City FC, disappointed with not making the 2015 MLS Cup Playoffs, announced they had parted ways with Head Coach Jason Kreis as well as Joseph and assistant C. J.
On August 21, 2023, the Portland Timbers appointed Joseph to the role of interim head coach for the remainder of the 2023 MLS season, following the dismissal of manager Giovanni Savarese.
Joseph earned his first cap with the U.S. national soccer team when he came on for Cobi Jones in the 89th minute of a 3–1 win over El Salvador on August 30, 1996.
He started his last national team game, a 2–1 loss to China, before coming off at halftime for Cobi Jones.