Milestone thesis

[3] However, during Michel Temer's administration, based on the opinion of the Attorney General's Office (AGU), the precedent set by the Raposa Serra do Sol case was interpreted as binding for all processes involving the demarcation of Indigenous lands.

[6] The second vote came from Minister Nunes Marques, who supported the thesis, stating: "A theory that argues that land limits are subject to a permanent process of recovery of possession due to ancestral expropriation opens the door to conflicts of all kinds without offering any prospect of pacification.

Following the ruling by Justice Rapporteur Edson Fachin, all proceedings related to the demarcation of Indigenous lands were suspended until the end of the COVID-19 pandemic or the final decision on the extraordinary appeal.

[10] The Attorney General of the Republic, Augusto Aras, stated that "for reasons of legal security, the identification and delimitation of lands traditionally occupied by Indigenous peoples must be done on a case-by-case basis, applying the constitutional norm in force at the time to each specific situation.

"[11] Former President Jair Bolsonaro also voiced support for the framework, warning that if the STF were to modify it, it would be "a severe blow to our agribusiness, with almost catastrophic repercussions domestically and abroad.

Indigenous people holding hands, two women in the foreground, surround a statue that represents Justice
Indigenous people in front of the A Justiça statue protesting on the day of the Raposa Serra do Sol judgment by the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil , 19 March 2009.
Judgment in the Raposa Serra do Sol case; starting on page 41, point 78, the reporting minister Carlos Ayres Britto explains the regulatory frameworks of the demarcation process, starting with the "time frame of occupation".