Provisions of the law relating to the authority to induct men into the military expired on July 1, 1973.

Amendments, extensions, and changes of name to the act since 1948 include: In 2019, U.S. District Court in Southern Texas Judge Gray Miller ruled in National Coalition for Men v. Selective Service System that exempting women from the male-only draft was unconstitutional.

[4] In 2024, a bipartisan group of senators, including Rand Paul, Ron Wyden, and Cynthia Lummis, introduced legislation to end the military draft, calling it outdated and unnecessary.

The bill aimed to repeal the Military Selective Service Act, which hasn't been used since the Vietnam War.

The move followed debates on including women in the draft, a proposal repeatedly removed from the National Defense Authorization Act despite rising program costs.