The Shire of Millmerran was a local government area in the Darling Downs region of Queensland, Australia, about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of the regional city of Toowoomba.

The shire covered an area of 4,520.8 square kilometres (1,745.5 sq mi), and existed as a local government entity from 1913 until 2008, when it amalgamated with several other councils in the Toowoomba area to become the Toowoomba Region.

The shire was located in the catchment of the Condamine and Macintyre Rivers and as well as traditional sheep and cattle grazing, industry in the shire included cotton, timber, piggeries and coal mining.

The main crops grown are barley, wheat, sorghum and small grains.

On 15 March 2008, under the Local Government (Reform Implementation) Act 2007 passed by the Parliament of Queensland on 10 August 2007, the Shire of Millmerran merged with the City of Toowoomba and the Shires of Cambooya, Clifton, Crows Nest, Jondaryan, Pittsworth and Shire of Rosalie to form the Toowoomba Region.