Milton M. Antony Sr. (August 7, 1789 – September 19, 1839) was an American physician, gynecologist and educator who is considered by many to be the "founding father" of the Medical College of Georgia.

After practicing medicine in Monticello and New Orleans, Antony would settle in Augusta where in 1821, he would perform the world's first successful thoracotomy on a seventeen-year-old boy who likely had a case of pulmonary hemangiopericytoma.

[4] He would publish his results of the thoracotomy in the Philadelphia Journal of Medical and Physical Sciences as a "Case of Extensive Caries of the Fifth and Sixth Ribs, and Disorganization of the Greater Part of the Right Lobe of the Lungs" in 1823.

[5] In 1822, Antony argued that the criteria for admission into the medical profession wasn't demanding enough and believed that the course requirements should be extended in both duration and diversity of fields covered, and should have more practical training.

[3] In 1829, Antony was elected a member of the executive committee, and from 1832 to 1839 he served as professor of institutes and practice of medicine and of midwifery and diseases of women and children.