The Minerva-class sailing frigates were a series of four ships built to a 1778 design by Sir Edward Hunt, which served in the Royal Navy during the latter decades of the eighteenth century.

During the early stages of the American Revolutionary War, the Royal Navy – while well supplied with ships from earlier programs, but faced with coastal operations and trade protection tasks along the American littoral – ordered numerous forty-four gun, two-decked ships and thirty-two gun 12-pounder armed frigates.

Anticipating the entry of European powers into the war, and with renewed resistance provided by the large, nine hundred ton, thirty-two gun 12-pounder armed frigates of the French Navy, the RN looked to a newer larger design of frigate to meet this challenge.

From November 1778 larger frigates with a heavier 18-pounder primary armament were ordered.

Before coming into service, their designed secondary armament was augmented, with 9-pounder guns being substituted for the 6-pounder guns originally planned, and with ten 18-pounder carronades being added (six on the quarterdeck and four on the forecastle).