The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China is the cabinet-level executive department of the State Council which is responsible for agriculture and rural affairs in the country.

On March 19, 2018, the government of China announced that the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has been created at the first session of the 13th National People's Congress, superseding the Ministry of Agriculture.

That same day, Han Changfu was elected Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.

[2] The Ministry stated in late 2020 that it would designate 6.6 million hectares of prime agricultural land as grain zones to be farmed with high production methods and which could not be converted to other crops.

It also houses the Office of the Central Rural Work Leading Group.