The Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) was a governmental institution that was established for the first time in December 1975 by proclamation No.62/1975 as a commission.

Following the change in government in 1991 and with the issuance of the new economic policy, the commission was re-established in March 1994 by Proclamation No.91/94.

The commission went into its third phase of re-institution on 24 August 1995 by Proclamation No.7/1995, as an agency following the establishment of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia .

To see Ethiopia entrench the capacities which enable rapid learning, adaptation and utilization of effective foreign technologies by the year 2022/23.

It has a mission of coordinating, encouraging and supporting science and technology activities that realize the country's social and economic developments