[2] Especially the regional dialect of Sergachsky district (Nizhny Novgorod) is said to be faithfully close to the ancient Kipchak language.
Increased contacts with Kazan Tatars have lessened these differences.
[3] Mishar is the dialect spoken by the Tatar minority of Finland.
The origins of the Tatar community living in Finland rest upon the merchants coming from the villages of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (then-Governorate).
[4] Mishar Tatar dialects (сөйләшлер) are according to Makhmutova two (Ch and Ts)[5] or according to Gabdulkhay Akhatov three (Ch, Ts and mixed)[6] groups.